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Tagged #beginners

GuideTechnology

12 min read

Classes, Objects and Encapsulation

Why object-oriented programming exists and how Java expresses it: classes as blueprints, objects as instances, constructors, access modifiers, static versus instance members, and encapsulation as a way to protect the rules of your data. Built around a bank account that cannot go wrong.

GuideTechnology

13 min read

Decisions, Loops, Methods and Scope

How to make a Java program choose and repeat: if, switch (old statement and modern expression), the loop forms, and how to organise code into methods. Includes the pass-by-value rule that interviewers love and the scope rules that cause mysterious compile errors.

GuideTechnology

15 min read

Variables, Types, Operators and Arrays

How Java stores and combines data: primitive types versus references, what happens when a number overflows, why integer division surprises people, how casting and conversion work, when to use var, and how arrays hold a fixed number of values.

GuideTechnology

15 min read

Start Here: What Java Is, How It Runs and Your Roadmap

What Java actually is, how a .java file becomes a running program, what the JDK, JRE and JVM each do, and how to compile and run your first program. Plus the full roadmap of this 41-article course, from zero to a tested Spring Boot API.

GuideTechnology

16 min read

Back-of-the-Envelope Estimation: From Users to Peak QPS

Capacity estimation from absolute basics: units and powers of two, seconds in a day, and the funnel from total users to MAU, DAU, requests per day, average QPS and peak QPS. Includes peak factors you can derive, read and write splits, fan-out, three worked examples and a small calculator.

GuideTechnology

17 min read

How a Web Request Travels: DNS, TCP, TLS and HTTP for System Design

Follow one request from a phone to a database and back: DNS lookup, TCP and TLS handshakes, HTTP, the edge, the load balancer, the application and the data stores. Learn where the time goes, why round trips and distance dominate latency, and where requests fail.

GuideTechnology

18 min read

Start Here: What System Design Is and How to Learn It

What system design actually is, why interviews test it, the components you will meet and the problem each one solves, and the seven-phase method this 45-article course uses for every design, from a first single-server app to large distributed systems.

GuideTechnology

12 min read

How Language Models Work: Training, Inference, Tokens and Context

You do not need maths to use AI well, but you do need a correct picture of what happens when you press enter. This article explains next-token prediction, training versus inference, tokens and the context window, and the practical habits each idea implies.

GuideTechnology

10 min read

AI, Machine Learning, Generative AI and LLMs: The Map

AI, machine learning, deep learning, generative AI, LLM, chatbot, model, agent: the words get used as if they mean the same thing. They do not. This article draws one simple map so every later article makes sense.

GuideTechnology

12 min read

Start Here: What You Can Do with AI and the Work Loop

A free, 35-article course on using modern AI well: what it is, how to ask, how to check it, and how to build habits that survive the next product update. This first article explains what to expect and introduces the six-step Work Loop you will use throughout.